Garage



M. BERZ ET AL Nov. 29, 1960 GARAGE Filed Jan. 21, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 R mnwumnummn ,m n@ 8 7 6n 4 3 21 mm- Lm. .mmil s@ Tw V NH, /z Il l i l il. D m s M .y ,o HU iFm- Hrm IC Il ||I.V.M..I|B f.. .Clt-w. l mjm im .mmlnA y Ma/Mt,

TTdR/VEYS Nov. 29, 1960 M. BERz ErAL 2,961,718

GARAGE Filed Jan. 21, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 9 Tran/VEYS Nov. 29, 1960 M. BERz Erm. 2,961,718

GARAGE Filed Jan. 21, 1955 3 Sheets-Shahet 3 United States PatentO "ice GARAGE Max Berz, Bayernlandstr 23, Kochel, Germany, and Helmut R. Rehmer, Moehlstrasse 12a, Munich 27, Germany Filed -lan. 21, 1955, Ser. No. 483,199

Claims priority, application Germany Jan. 23, 1954 4 Claims. (Cl. 201.13)

The present invention relates to a multiple story garage.

In the construction of such garages having superposed parking places, attempts have been made to replace elevators by the building of ramps.

Ditferent solutions are known for the problems: in one known arrangement, a car drives, as a rule, from one story to the next higher one, and from this again to the next higher one, etc. When descending, the car follows the opposite sequence. n

In some cases, adjacent ramps, in other cases superposed ramps are arranged in pairs, where one ramp is used for incoming, the other one for outgoing cars.

It is also known to arrange a pair of ramps either With inner windings or with outer windings. Where inner windings are used, the gradient is steep, the radii are narrow, the tracks are short, and a high skill is required of the driver. Where outer windings are used, the gradient is flat, the tracks to and from the upper oors are long, and this involves a certain inconvenience and loss of time for the driver when entering and leaving the garage. Many drivers consider this an undue delay.

In other known constructions, two superposed ramps are arranged on two outer-sides of a building for incoming cars, and a pair of superposed ramps on the two other sides of the building for outgoing cars; for each floor of the building, there is a separate pair of ramps for entering and leaving cars.

In the just described arrangement of ramps on the outer walls, the gradients may be as steep as desired and the tracks are short, `so that the driver is not inconvenienced by a loss of time. However, the arrangement is constructionally limited by the circumference of the building. The higher floors, say for instance the tenth oor, can only be reached when the building is very long; this requires a very large area for the building, such as may hardly be available in crowded city centers where such garages are needed.

The present invention has the object of overcoming the above mentioned 'diiculties p It is based on the idea to provide a multiple-story garage with ramps, which, while keeping the area to be built upon small and the building and operational costs low, affords a good solution as far as the tratlic is concerned, so that a self-driving person will be as little inconvenienced as possible as far as loss of time and management of gradients are concerned.

The present invention relates to a multiple-story garage which seen in plan has the highest possible axial symmetry; the number of floors is practically unlimited; a plurality of one-way ramps leading into and out of the garage are arranged in outer windings in such a way that a driver circles the building once and that each ramp omits certain floors in a given sequence. Since the omitted floors have to be served too, they are reached by separate ascending and descending ramps. With circular or elliptical ramp arrangements, or with square arrangements, the driver will have, after one tour around the building, reached the point above the entrance which may, depend- ,y 2,961,718 Patented Nov. 29, 1960 ing on the gradient, be -already on the fourth or sixth iioor.

Before reaching the fourth or sixth Hoor, the car may have passed the entrances of lower floors without interfering with other incoming cars. As mentioned before, the omitted oors are served by other entrance and exit ramps.

All ramps together do not require more building area than a single one.

The invention will now be described with reference t0 the accompanying drawings, in which an embodiment of a ramp arrangement is shown comprising two ascending and -two descending ramps which are all superposed with respect to each other, and which illustrate, as an example, a circular arrangement. However, it should be understood that the drawing is given by way of illustration and not of limitation and that many changes may be made in the details Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a circular garage structure embodying a left hand four-ramp arrangement,

Fig. 2 is a schematic development of the outer ramps ofthe same structure in elevation,

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of a garage structure of a four-way system in right hand arrangement for the updrive ramps,

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a six-way system, and

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an eight-Way system.

Reference will now be made to the gures in detail.

Referring now to Fig. 2, a Vehicle standing in A at the entrance of the up-drive ramps E and F enters one of the two ramps, passes the wall of the 2nd oor or third respectively at B and is capable of leaving the ramp at C on the third or fourth iioor, or may go on driving. If the car is driven on, it omits yanother iloor at D, and lands at A at the 5th or 6th oor, respectively where the driver has again the choice of leaving the ramp and entering the garage or going on driving, and so on.

In driving down on ramp G from the 11th oor or on ramp H from the 8th floor, a car Will iinally arrive at the bottom at point C, from where it leaves the garage.

Fig. 3 shows `the embodiment of a right hand up-drive arrangement `comprising two asc-ending and two descending ramps, one above the other, as an example of a rectangular arrangement. Up-driving cars use one of the two ascending ramps E or F. Down-driving cars use one of the two descending ramps G and H.

The ramps E and G are thereby a pair of supplementary ramps, so that when using ramp E for updriving, ramp G has to be used for down-driving and a driver who enters on the down-drive ramp G has to leave on the up-drive ramp E The two appertaining ramps F and H form the second pair of ramps.

The ramp pair E and G serves floors 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 (floors with uneven numbers); the ramp pair F and H oors 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 (oors with even numbers).

Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of a right hand up-drive arrangement comprising three ascending and three descending ramps, one above the other, the example of a rectangular arrangement.

Upedriving vehicles use one of the up-drive ramps 1, K or L, while down-driving cars use down-drive ramps M, N or 0. The ramps I and M are therefore a pair of ramps appertaining to each other, which means that a driver using up-drive ramp I for ascending has to use down-drive ramp M for descending; or a driver who enters on the down-drive ramp M has to leave on the up-drive ramp L The two appertaining ramps K and N form the second pair of ramps.

.The two appertaining ramps L and O form the third pair of ramps.

The ramp pair I and M serves oors 1, 4, 7, 10, the ramp pair K and N serves oors 2f, 5, 8, 11, the ramp pair L and O serves oors 3, V6, 9 so that there is one ramp pair for every third floor.

Fig. shows the embodiment of a right hand up-drive arrangement comprising four ascending and four descending ramp ways, one above the other, in an example of al rectangular arrangement. Y

Up-driving cars use one of the up-drive ramps P, Q, R or S, while down-driving cars use one of the down-drive ramps T, U, V or W.

The ramps P and T are a pair of supplementary ramps, so that when using the up-drive ramp P, the down-drive ramp T has to be used for descending, or when a driver enters on the down-drive ramp T, he must leave on the up-drive ramp P. .The @pertaining ramps P and form the rst, QT and ,U. Lthe second, R `and V the third and S and W the fourth ramp pairs.

The iirst ramp pair serves floors 1, 5, 9; the second ramp pair serves floors 2, 6, the third pair serves floors 3, 7, 11, and the fourth pair floors 4, 8, 12, i.e. each pair serves every fourth floor.

Due to the `arrangement of outer windings and the possible omission of floors in the up and down drives, a two-fold, three-fold or four-fold one-way trac is created, depending on the number of pairs of ramps arranged in superposition.

The new idea of the invention is based on the arrangement of outer windings of at least four one-way tracks around the floors, being `arranged with approximately axial symmetry as seen in plan view, and also on the omission of floors.

The novel arrangement of outer windings with omission of floors has the following advantages:

(1) The possibility of superposing any desired number of floors with optimal gradient of the ramps and shortening of their tracks without increase of the building area above a certain amount; at the same time a reduction of the dependence in the incoming and outgoing traic on other obstacles. The latter advantage is due to the subdivision into several one-Way drives, due to which an incoming or outgoing car with a motor defect or other obstruction will not hold up the entire incoming and outgoing traflic but only the one on its own track.

(2) As compared to the known garages with inner windings and ramp towers, the arrangement of outer windings with omission of one or several iloors is distinguished by reducing Vthe number of encircling drives around the building and by the requirement of a smaller number of branchings.

(3) Also as compared to garages with inner windings and ramp towers, the arrangement according to the invention exhibits a profiling of wider sweep (no continual narrow radii in steep gradient) and as a consequence thereof an unobstructed traic. The inconveniences and the risks for the driver are considerably reduced.

(4) As compared to the known inner and outer windings without omission of iloors, the number of encircling tours have been so decreased that it hardly counts, since for reaching e.g. the 6th door, only a single circular drive is necessary, where three pairs of ramps are available.

(5) The gradients do not have to be in the curve, as is the case in inner windings, but may be placed in the main axis at two longitudinal sides of the building when a proper plan is elected for building the ramps.

What we claim is:

1. A multiple story garage comprising, in combination, a plurality of superposed ascending ramps and descending ramps winding Iaround the periphery of the garage building, some of said ramps serving for incoming and the same number of other ramps serving for outgoing cars, oors in said garage, said oors having opposed inlets and outlets on the periphery of said garage, two or more superposed ascending ramps and two or more'super'posed descending ramps always alternate and each ofsaid ascending ramps and each of said descending ramps, respectively, omits those oors which Yare served by one of the other ascending or descending ramps.

2. A multiple s tory garage comprising, in combination, four onelway'superposed ascending ramps and descending ramps winding around the periphery of the garage building, two of said ramps serving for incoming and two for outgoing cars, oors in said garage, said oors having opposed inlets and outlets, wherein two superposed ascending ramps and two superposed descending ramps always alternate and each of said ascending ramps and each of said descending ramps, respectively, omits one of said oors on a way which is as long as half the distance of said periphery, which omitted oors are served bythe other ramps.

3. vA multiple story garage comprising, in combination, six one-way superposed ascending ramps winding around the periphery of the garage building, three of said ramps serving for incoming and three for outgoing cars, floors in said garage, said oors having opposed inlets and outlets, wherein three superposed ascending ramps and three superposed descending ramps always alternate and each of said ascending ramps and each of said descending ramps, respectively, 'omits two of said oors on a way which is as long vas half the distance of said periphery, which omitted floors are served by one pair of the other ramps.

4. A multiple story garage, comprising, in combination, eight superposed ascending ramps and descending ramps winding around the periphery of the garage building, four of said ramps serving for incoming and four for outgoing cars, floors in said garage, said oors having opposed inlets and outlets, wherein four superposed ascending ramps and four superposed descending ramps always alternate and each of said ascending ramps and each of said descending ramps, respectively, omits three of said oors on a way which is as long as half the distance of said periphery, which omitted oors are served by one pair of the other ramps.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Double Spiral Auto Ramp, Auto Ramps Corp., Dec. 31, 1929. 

